Improvement in book-sewing machines



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G.- W GLAZIER.

, BOOK SEWING-MACHINE. No.184,961. Patented Dec. 5, 1876,.

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I BOQK-SEWI-NG-MACHINE. N0.184-,961 Patented Dec. 5, 1876.

8% I 351m) V I NJETERS. PHOTO-UTHOGRAPHER. WASHINGTON, D,C.

UNITED STATES PATENT QFFIGE.

GEORGE W. GLAZIER, OF SALEM, ASSIGNOB. TO THE SMYTH MANUFACTURINGASSOCIATION, OF LYNN, MASSACHUSETTS.

IMPROVEMENT IN BOOK-SEWING MACHINES.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 184,96 I dated December5, 1876; application filed 1 April 3, 1876.

invented an Improvement in Machines for Sewing Books, 860., of which thefollowing is a specification:

In a machine invented before mine, by David M. Smyth, there weresemicircular needles passing into the notches. of the folded sheet, andcarrying a thread through the eye near the point, and such needles lefttheir thread upon the point of a looper, which served to hold the sheetsuntil there was a volume sewed, and then the looper drew in a cord, thatwas laid in its hook previous to drawing ofI" the sewed sheets. Suchneedle or needles, however, were liable to bend by the weight of thevolume sewed, and more than one volume at a time was difficult to sew,and there was nothing to prevent the threads cutting the paper at theend saw-cuts in the sheet, because such threads simply drew out from thefold of one sheet and entered into the notch, and between the fold ofthe next sheet, and the strain in hammering the back of the book, orupon the threads when in use, was liable to break such threads or causethem to injure the paper. I

In my invention the sheet is placed in a folded-condition, with theproper transverse saw-cuts, upon a peculiar holder, that determines theposition of the sheet accurately, and guides the semicircular needles.The sheet is carried to the path of the needles. They make ahalf-revolution, passing in at one saw-cut and out at the next. The loopof needle-thread is taken by a shuttle to each needle, such shuttlecarrying one of the backcords of the book; hence the loops ofneedlethread draw over the shuttle and around the said cords, causingthem to occupy the sawout.

There is a catch-stitch cord applied at the saw-cut where the needleenters, and this is moved between one stitch and the next, so that theneedle passes first one side of such cord, and then on the other sidethe, next stitch, whereby the said catch-stitch cord or thread isinterwound with the needle-threads,

and prevents them being broken or embedding themselves in the paper. Theback-cords of the book, that are supplied by the shuttle, are drawnalong gradually, and the sheets are partially suspended, and thenecessary looseness is maintained in the sewing of the back; and betweenone volume and the next the mechanism that draws these cords along is sooperated as to pull off from the shuttles the cord necessary for atachment to the bookcovers at the front and back of each volume.

,In the drawing, Figure 1 is a plan of the machine. Fig. 2 is a frontelevation. Fig. 3 is a section at the line a: as. Fig. 4 is a plan ofthe edge of the sheet-holder. Fig. 5 is an inverted plan of themechanism for moving the catch-stitch cords, and Fig. 6 is an elevationof the sheet-holder and circular needles.

The table a. is supported upon a suitable frame, I), and b is the shaftto which power is applied.

The sheet-holder c is made of a size adapted to receive the foldedsheet, and I remark that each machine may be large enough for thelargest volumes, and have numerous sets of needles and shuttles; butonly those needles, shuttles, and their appliances will be put intooperation that are required for the particular size of book that isbeing sewed, or there may be a machine adapted to each size of book. Inthe drawing I have shown two needles and their appliances.

The upper edge of this sheet-holder c is made with segmental notches,containing a grooved edge to guide the semicircular needle hereafterdescribed, and at the ends of these notches are the gage-points 2 2,that are similar to small gages tapered to a point. These I might beused to perforate the sheets at the places for the needles to enter andemerge; but it is preferable to have the backs sawed,

.as usual, at the places corresponding with these gage-points.

This sheet-holder is provided with links 0, that guide it to place as itis carried up by the lever d and cam 01, acting upon the stem 0 of suchsheet holder, which stem slides through the guide 4.-

As the sheet-holder descends after the sheet shaft 1).

:the shaft 0. pawls 11, that act to rotate the drums when the has beensewed, the links 0 swing the same forward into a position ready for thenext sheet.

The needles i are each an arc of a circle, and the wire is bent to forman arm passing to the shaft l, that is provided for each needle, and isat the center of the are of the needle.

Each needle-shaft Z is provided with a pin-.

ion, h, and said shaft'is mounted in suitable hearings in the bed a.There is a rack, 70, in contact with the pinions h, and to this rack endmotion is given at the proper times to pan tially revolve the needles,first one way and then the other. The link It, crank l, shaft h, and camh are represented as the means for giving these movements to the rack.The shuttles n are set in the raceway m, and are moved by theshuttle'drivers 5 upon a rod, 6,

.that receives motion from the link 19, crankarm q, shaft q, and cam 7upon the driving- Each shuttle carries a cord adapted to become one ofthe back-cords of the book, and before the sewing is commenced the cordfrom each shuttle is tied to a hook, or otherwise connected to itscorresponding tractioncord 8, leading to the small drums 10 upon Thisshaft 0 is provided with cords are being wound upon them; but by raising such pawl the cord may be drawn off as the drum is turned back.These traction-cords are tightened sufficiently to draw the shuttlecordsa little distance under the bed a; and as the sewing progresses these,cords 8 are drawn back the proper distance each movement of the machineto move the sewed sheet out of the way of the next sheet to be sewed,

and for this purpose the ratchet and pawl 0 are employed, the samereceiving motion from a crank-pin upon the shaft 12.

It will now be apparent that if the parts are properly timed thesemicircular needle passes into the notch at the back of the fold edsheet and emerges at the next notch, the

needle having been guided and kept from injnring the sheet by thegrooved edge of the notch in the sheet-holder.

ready to pass into the next sheet when presented. There is athread-controller or take- I up formed of the bar 8, that-is pivoted at15,

and actuated by the crank-arm 16, link 36,1ever 37, and cam s, thatrises at the proper time and prevents the slack thread remaining in thefold of the sheet, and draws the stitch sufficiently tight.

If these parts only were used the hook- I sewing could be accomplished;but it is preferable to employ catch-stitch cords 20, passing fromspools, which may be located at t, through eyes 21, and thence througheyes 22 to the.

"thread is carried under it, the cord will be confined in the groove orsaw-cut at the back of the book. The said catch-stitch cord is thenmoved to the left, so that the needle will pass in at the right andabove such cord, and the operation is repeated.

In Fig. 5 I have shown a simple device for moving these eyes. The twobars u u are pressed together by a spring, a, and connected at one endby a small lever, 26, and there is an eye, 22, attached to each bar.Thepawl 24 from the shuttle driver passes between these bars, and isdirected by the side of one bar into the notch of the next bar u and carries that bar to the extreme of movement of the pawl, bringing the notchof the next bar to (by the movement resulting from the lever 26) behindthe pawl. The pawl retires between the bars a u they spring slightlyapart, and the notch of the next bar, a, is taken up on the next forwardmovement, and so on, the eyes and the catch-stitch cords being placedfirst one side and then the other side of the needles path in enteringthe fold.

The capacity of this machine is large, because a number of volumes canbe sewed before the machine is stopped for their removal, it only beingnecessary to give a partial rotation to the shaft 0 by hand to draw thevolumes along and leave the proper amount of back shuttle-cord betweenone volume and the next.

The increased strain in moving a number of volumes is not detrimental,because it is independent of the sewing mechanism.

I claim as my invention A 1.' The sheet-holder 0, made with a notchededge, containing a groove for the needle, in combination with asemicircular or segmental needle, substantially as set forth.

2. The sheet-holder c, having the gage-points 2 at the ends of thesegmental groove for receiving the sheet, in combination withthesegmental needle, substantially as set forth.

3. In a book-sewing machine, the combination of a sheet-holder, asegmental eye-pointed needle, a "shuttle carrying the back-cord for thebook, and mechanism, substantially as specified, for communicating therelative movements to the parts, asspecified.

4. The combination, with the back-cords of [84,961 V I a the book, andthe means for supplying the same and sewing the sheets to suchback-cords, of means, substantially as shown, for drawing suchback'cords along progressively as the sewing is performed, and renderingthe sewing sufficiently loose, substantially as set forth.

5. The method herein specified of interlacin g a catch-stitch cord withthe needle-threads in sewing books, by causing the needle to pass at oneside of such cord at one stitch, and at. the other side of such cord atthe next stitch, substantially as set forth.

6. The traction cord 8, book back cord,

' drums 10, and shaft 0, actuated as set forth,

'forth.

Signed by me this 18th day of March, 1876.

GEO. W. GLAZIER. Witnesses:

WM. HOWLAND, HENRY F. CHASE.

